HSRs are not Union Reps: Clearing the confusion
admin • November 24, 2025
When it comes to workplace safety, one role often misunderstood is that of the Health and Safety Representative (HSR). Many people assume HSRs are the same as union representatives — but that’s not the case. While both roles aim to protect workers’ interests, their focus, powers, and responsibilities are quite different.
What Is an HSR?
An HSR is a worker elected by their peers to represent their health and safety interests. They are chosen from within a designated work group and act as a direct link between workers and management on safety matters.
Under the Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004 (Vic), HSRs have specific powers, such as:
- Inspecting the workplace for hazards.
- Accompanying WorkSafe inspectors during visits.
- Requesting the formation of a health and safety committee.
- Issuing Provisional Improvement Notices (PINs)
Importantly, HSRs do not negotiate pay, conditions, or other industrial matters — their role is purely about health and safety.
How They Differ from Union Representatives
Union representatives (or delegates) are appointed or elected to represent workers on a wide range of workplace issues, including wages, rosters, and employment conditions. They may also support members in disputes or negotiations with employers.
While an HSR can be a union member — and unions often provide training and support to HSRs — the position itself is independent of union affiliation. You don’t need to be in a union to be elected as an HSR, and you don’t automatically become a union rep by taking on the role.
Why the Distinction Matters
Confusing the two roles can lead to misunderstandings in the workplace. For example:
- Employers might wrongly assume HSRs are pushing a union agenda, when in fact they are fulfilling legal safety duties.
- Workers might hesitate to raise safety concerns with an HSR if they are not themselves a union member, due to confusion about their role.
By recognising that HSRs are safety advocates, not industrial negotiators, workplaces can foster more open, constructive conversations about keeping everyone safe.
Bottom line:
In Victoria, HSRs are there to represent their co-workers on OHS matters, helping to make sure your workplace is safe. Whether you’re in a union or not, you can elect an HSR. This is a key way to ensure that consultation is occurring and that you have a conduit through which to raise health and safety concerns.
Remember:
HSRs = Safety advocates under the OHS Act.
Union Reps = Industrial advocates under workplace laws.
So, it is important to know that you can (and have a legislated right to) elect an HSR at your workplace whether or not you work in a unionised workplace. All workplaces will benefit from having elected HSRs and safety structures in place – AND this has been proven to result in safer workplaces.
Not sure how to elect an HSR? Reach out to us at admin@besafevictoria.com.au
Q fever is a serious but preventable disease that affects people working with animals or animal products. Protecting yourself and your workplace requires awareness, vaccination, and safe practices. What is Q Fever? Q fever is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. It primarily affects people who work with animals such as cattle, sheep, and goats, or handle animal products like hides, wool, and meat. The bacteria can survive in dust and soil for long periods, making it easy to spread in agricultural and processing environments. Who is at Risk? Certain industries and roles face higher exposure: Farmers, shearers, and abattoir workers Veterinarians and animal handlers Meat and dairy processors Laboratory staff working with animal samples Workers at stockyards, animal transport, in shearing sheds etc Any workers in animal facilities Even visitors to farms or facilities can be at risk if proper precautions aren’t taken. How do you get Q Fever? Q fever can he transmitted through aerosols, dust or through contaminated animal products. For example: Through animal tissues, such as when birthing, slaughtering or butchering Through faeces, urine and placentas From contaminated wool, hides, animal bedding, or equipment When breathing in dust infected by animals, including when mustering, transporting or shearing When slashing contaminated grasses or handling contaminated soil or hay By drinking unpasteurised milk which is infected By touching infected tissues or fluids when you have a cut or broken skin What are the signs of Q Fever? Q fever causes an illness which can last for up to 6 weeks, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Common symptoms include: High fever and chills Severe headaches Muscle pain and fatigue Sweats and weight loss Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea In some cases, pneumonia or hepatitis However, some people don’t recover, and they can develop a chronic illness which can last for months or years. Chronic Q fever is rare, but when it does happen, it can lead to long-term complications such as heart valve infections and infections of the bones and joints, as well as vascular disease. Up to 15% of infected people will experience sever fatigue which can last for years and is extremely debilitating. Preventing Q Fever Prevention is the best protection. Key strategies include: Vaccination : The Q fever vaccine is highly effective but requires pre-screening to avoid adverse reactions. Pre-screening will identify those who have been previously exposed or have been previously vaccinated for Q fever. Safe Work Practices : Minimise dust in animal handling areas. Use protective clothing and masks (PPE). Practice good hygiene, including handwashing after contact with animals. Education and Awareness : Employers should train workers on risks and prevention measures. Health Monitoring : Encourage workers to report symptoms early for timely medical intervention. Employer Responsibilities Employers have a duty to provide a safe workplace. If there may be a risk of exposure to Q Fever in their workplace, this includes: Offering vaccination programs Implementing dust control measures Providing personal protective equipment (PPE) Ensuring staff are informed about Q fever risks and prevention Identification of high-risk areas of the workplace Having a workplace Q fever policy As with all workplace hazards, the employer has a duty to provide a safe workplace and to control risks to health as far as reasonably practicable. They also have a duty to consult with their employees and their health and safety representatives (HSRs). This includes during the hazard identification process, which making decisions on how to control risks, and when monitoring how the control measures are working. Building a Safer Future Q fever is preventable, but only if workplaces and individuals take proactive steps. Vaccination, hygiene, and awareness are the cornerstones of prevention. For those working with animals or animal products, staying informed and protected is not just about personal health—it’s about safeguarding the entire community. Q fever is a workplace hazard that demands attention. With vaccination and safe practices, we can protect workers, families, and communities from this hidden threat. More information on Q fever can be found at Q fever | Better Health Channel or at Preventing Q fever | WorkSafe Victoria
Almost 14,000 people registered to attend WorkSafe Victoria’s webinar “Psychological Health Regulations: A focus on risk management” held on 27 th October 2025. The webinar was essentially an overview and pointed to a number of resources for employers to access to ensure they are compliant by 1 st December 2025. WorkSafe Representatives explained that employers have always had a duty to provide a safe workplace - including physically and psychologically. However, the new regulations introduce a specific duty relating to the need to identify and control risks associated with psychological health in the workplace. Psychosocial hazards are factors in the workplace which may create a negative psychological response which can pose a risk to a worker’s health and safety (eg: long hours, work demands, low role clarity, sexual harassment, bullying, etc). WorkSafe were very clear that The Psychological Health Regulations do not impact any workers eligibility for mental injury claim, as they have no impact on the Workplace Injury Rehabilitation and Compensation (WIRC) Act. The stated aims of the Regulations were as follows: 1. To strengthen the OHS framework by recognising psychosocial hazards as equally harmful as physical hazards. 2. To provide clearer guidance to employers on their obligations to protect employees from psychological injury. 3. To create specific obligations for Victorian employers to identify and control psychosocial risks in their workplaces. 4. To support employers through a range of tools and non-statutory guidance, including an optional prevention plan template to guide the risk management process. 5. To ensure compliance by providing a practical code to help employers meet their duties under the Regulations. These regulations are part of a broader effort to address the increasing prevalence of work-related mental injuries and to create a safer, more supportive work environment for all employees. WorkSafe explained that they was now a prescribed risk management process which requires all employers to identify psychosocial hazards and to control the risks by eliminating or reducing the risks as far as reasonably practicable. The risk management cycle (see image below) Step 1. Identify hazards Step 2. Assess the risks (including likelihood and consequence) Step 3: Control the risks (in line with the Hierarchy of Control) Step 4: Review – monitor, review and revise Throughout the process, consultation must occur Hierarchy of Control (see image below) The WorkSafe representatives explained the hierarchy of control for psychosocial hazards – noting that elimination is the first priority, and if not possible then there were ways to reduce the risk by making changes to limit exposure or to reduce the effects of exposure to the psychosocial hazard. In most cases, information, instruction or training will form part of the management of the risk. However, this should be in combination with higher order controls due to the fact that these are the least effective option. Compliance code The new compliance code Compliance code: Psychological health | WorkSafe Victoria provides a comprehensive guide to what is required in relation to the new Regulations. Hazard prevention plan There is a psychological hazard prevention plan template which can be found at: Prevention plans for psychosocial hazards | WorkSafe Victoria which is a simple way to go through the risk management process and to document it. Prevention plans are not mandatory – although strongly encouraged. You can use another method to carry out and record your risk management process. Enforcement WorkSafe inspectors may issue improvement notices in the same way as they do for physical hazards. Inspectors will be addressing complaints as well as conducting proactive and strategic workplace visits. All employers, whether in a large or small business, will be required to comply. Reporting Employers need to treat psychological hazards in the same way as physical risks – so you can use your existing internal reporting processes for these too, although they may need to be adapted for this purpose. There are no new mandatory reporting requirements. Commencement The Regulations commence o n 1 st December 2025, to allow time for employers to prepare. It was noted by WorkSafe that the obligation to provide a work environment without risks to psychological health is already required under The Act and that there has been significant lead-time to the new Regulations. Therefore, there is an expectation that employers are already across the requirements, however there is still time prior to 1 st December 2025 to ensure compliance with The Regulations. Before December, employers should have in place: evidence of having identified and controlled psychosocial hazards and have a prevention plan (or alternative) in place, noting that consultation with employees must occur as part of this process. Key takeaways: Employees psychological health must be treated equally to physical health. The Regulations and Compliance Code provide the guidance to employers on how to do that in the most effective way. Employers are encouraged to have a close look at the Compliance Code, which provides practical guidance. Risk management is an ongoing process, not a ‘set and forget’, there is a process of continuous improvement. This means ongoing monitoring and review of psychological risks and the controls. For more information and resources: WorkSafe psychological health page: Psychological health | WorkSafe Victoria To view the full webinar: https://tsglive.com.au/HSMweb3
